Universal Joint

A dovetail revolved around its axis becomes a concave disk. Columns can then meet at irregular angles: a 3D joint from a 2D fastener.

Universal Joint: A dovetail revolved around its axis becomes a concave disk. Columns can then meet at irregular angles: a 3D joint from a 2D fastener.Universal Joint: A dovetail revolved around its axis becomes a concave disk. Columns can then meet at irregular angles: a 3D joint from a 2D fastener.

About this shape

Dounas & Spaeth, 2014

Universal Joint, polyhedron, drawn by GART: A dovetail revolved around its axis becomes a concave disk. Columns can then meet at irregular angles: a 3D joint from a 2D fastener.
Universal Joint · CC BY 4.0

The Universal Dovetail Joint (Dounas & Spaeth, CAADRIA 2014): revolve a trapezoidal pin around its axis and the 2D fastener becomes a concave disk. Timber members can then enter at irregular 3D angles, making a node for a space frame that is not a regular lattice. The faded rings are the revolved profile; the flared keys are the columns.

Spread and seed decide how uneven the compass is. Motion lets the spacing wander, as a joint under load would.

Revolve
A dovetail pin. Spin it around the dashed axis and the socket becomes a disk.

Behind the mathematics

Theodoros Dounas

Joint system

Architect and computational designer who co-developed a universal timber joint formed by revolving a dovetail profile.

Alexander Benjamin Spaeth

Joint system

Architect and researcher who co-developed the rotational timber joint represented in this geometric study.